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    This study presents a terahertz-band integrated sensing and communication system. It detects micrometer vibrations using the transmitted signal, enabling simultaneous high-capacity communication and sensing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems offer potential for simultaneous data transmission and environmental monitoring.
    • Terahertz (THz) frequencies present opportunities for high bandwidth but face challenges in signal propagation and sensing sensitivity.
    • Traditional sensing methods often rely on backscattered signals, which suffer from significant path loss and reduced receiver sensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a THz-band ISAC system capable of detecting micrometer-scale vibrations in real-time.
    • To leverage an optical frequency comb for enhanced THz signal generation and vibration sensitivity.
    • To achieve parallel sensing and high-capacity communication using the same hardware and transmitted signal.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation of THz signals using an optical frequency comb to suppress carrier frequency noise and enhance vibration sensitivity.
    • Utilization of the forward transmitted signal for direct detection by the receiver, overcoming path loss challenges.
    • Implementation of a 220-330 GHz ISAC system transmitting 2x112.8 Gb/s 16QAM signals for simultaneous communication and sensing.

    Main Results:

    • Successful detection of micrometer-scale (±3.8 μm) vibrations at 45 Hz.
    • Demonstration of anomaly detection in a 9-meter tower scenario by identifying abnormal frequency shifts in vibration.
    • Validation of the system's capability to perform sensing in parallel with high-capacity data transmission.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed THz-band ISAC system effectively detects subtle vibrations using the forward transmitted signal.
    • The use of an optical frequency comb significantly improves sensing sensitivity in the THz band.
    • This approach enables efficient, simultaneous sensing and communication within a single system, paving the way for advanced applications.