An Innovative Screening Panel for Preventing Miscarriages-Perspectives, Guidance and Guidelines

Background: Miscarriage is the most common complication of pregnancy. Current trends in medicine point to the increasing importance of evidence-based personalization in diagnostic and therapeutic processes. Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop an innovative prenatal screening panel and treatment strategy for miscarriage prevention. Results: Previous studies have demonstrated an imbalance between oxidative and anti-oxidant mechanisms, resulting in systemic oxidative stress in women with a history of miscarriage. The importance of monitoring toxic metal concentrations as potential risk factors in early pregnancy was confirmed. The involvement of NETs in the pathogenesis of miscarriages was demonstrated, while identifying early biomarkers of this process. The effect of BPA on the activation of NETs and the development of an inflammatory response in the female participants was demonstrated. Furthermore, a mechanism of NO-dependent oxidative-anti-oxidative imbalance and NLRP3 inflammasome activation during pregnancy loss was identified in a pathway independent of NET formation, excluding apoptosis. The participation of certain microRNA molecules in reproductive failure and their value in minimally invasive diagnostics in the early stages of pregnancy have been proven. Conclusions: The proposed screening panel accounts for the above parameters, represents a novel approach in modern prenatal care, and prioritizes miscarriage prevention strategies.