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Related Concept Videos

Phases of Wound Repair01:28

Phases of Wound Repair

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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...
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Correction: Piola et al. 3D Bioprinting of Gelatin-Xanthan Gum Composite Hydrogels for Growth of Human Skin Cells. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2022, <i>23</i>, 539.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Generation of a Three-dimensional Full Thickness Skin Equivalent and Automated Wounding
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Engineering the Healing Process: Advanced In Vitro Wound Models and Technologies.

Filippo Renò1, Mario Migliario2, Maurizio Sabbatini3

  • 1Health Sciences Department, Università of Milan, Via A. di Rudini n. 8, 20142 Milan, Italy.

Biomedicines
|May 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Next-generation in vitro models like 3D bioprinting and organoids are crucial for advancing wound healing research. These dynamic systems offer a more human-relevant approach than traditional methods for developing effective therapies.

Keywords:
3D bioprintingiPSC-based modelsmicrofluidicorgan-on-chiporganoidskin engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Bioengineering
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional 2D cultures and animal models fail to replicate human skin's complexity, limiting therapeutic translation in wound healing.
  • Existing reviews often focus on static skin models, overlooking the need for dynamic, time-dependent wound healing simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate next-generation in vitro platforms for modeling dynamic wound healing processes.
  • To address the knowledge gap in spatiotemporal wound healing modeling, from inflammation to remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Review and evaluation of advanced platforms: 3D bioprinting, organ-on-chip systems, organoids, and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based models.
  • Analysis of comparative advantages and technical challenges, including vascularization and scalability.

Main Results:

  • Next-generation platforms offer improved human-relevance for modeling wound healing.
  • Significant hurdles remain, particularly in achieving adequate vascularization and scalability for these advanced models.

Conclusions:

  • A future framework integrating bioengineering and computational modeling is needed for predictive, dynamic wound healing models.
  • Incorporating vascular and immune components into these platforms is essential for developing personalized diagnostic and therapeutic tools for wound healing.