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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
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Music-Based Interventions in Childhood Hearing Loss: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Mirko Aldè1,2, Letizia Casella2, Umberto Ambrosetti1

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Department of Excellence 2023-2027, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Music-based interventions show promise for children with hearing loss (HL), aiding auditory and non-auditory skills. Musical training offers benefits, but music therapy requires more research for holistic development in pediatric hearing rehabilitation.

Keywords:
cochlear implantshearing aidshearing lossmusic therapymusical auditory perceptionmusical training

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Music Therapy

Background:

  • Childhood hearing loss (HL) significantly impacts auditory, linguistic, and social development.
  • Music-based interventions are increasingly explored as complementary approaches to conventional rehabilitation for pediatric HL.
  • These interventions aim to support both auditory and non-auditory domains in children with hearing impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a narrative review summarizing the current evidence on music-based interventions for children with hearing loss (HL).
  • To examine studies focusing on pediatric cochlear implant or hearing aid users.
  • To categorize existing literature into musical auditory perception, musical training, and music therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive narrative literature review was performed.
  • Studies included pediatric patients with cochlear implants or hearing aids.
  • Research was categorized into musical auditory perception, musical training, and music therapy.

Main Results:

  • Children with HL exhibit persistent deficits in pitch and timbre perception but relatively preserved rhythmic abilities.
  • Musical training interventions, especially rhythm-focused, correlate with improved auditory perception, linguistic processing, and cognitive skills.
  • Music therapy literature is limited but suggests benefits in emotional regulation, social interaction, and quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Music-based interventions offer a promising complementary strategy for pediatric hearing rehabilitation.
  • Musical training is more extensively studied, whereas music therapy, despite its holistic potential, remains underrepresented.
  • Further rigorous research with standardized protocols is essential to optimize music therapy for children with HL.