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Genetic Dissection of Shelling Percentage in Maize via QTL Mapping Using a Maize-Teosinte Population
Yan Bai1,2, Yifei Wang1, Xiangyin Hou1
1State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-Breeding, Key Laboratory of Maize Biology and Genetic Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genome Editing Research and Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Abstract:
Background: Shelling percentage is an important trait affecting grain yield efficiency in maize, but its genetic basis remains insufficiently understood. Methods: In this study, a maize-teosinte BC2S2 population derived from Zheng58 and (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis, CIMMYTMA 8782) was used for phenotypic evaluation and QTL mapping of shelling percentage across two replicates and BLUP-based analysis. Candidate genes were further prioritized based on their positions within QTL support intervals, expression patterns, and functional annotation. Results: Two reproducible QTLs, qSP7 and qSP10, were identified on chromosomes 7 and 10, respectively. qSP7 explained 3.39-3.41% of the phenotypic variation, whereas qSP10 explained 2.96-6.45%. Within these intervals, Zm00001d021701, Zm00001d021708, and Zm00001d025739 were prioritized as candidate genes based on expression and annotation evidence. Conclusions: These results indicate that shelling percentage in maize is controlled by multiple loci with modest effects and provide a basis for future genetic analysis and marker development for this trait.
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