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Thermoregulation in Sleep Disorders-Comprehensive Review.

Karol Pierzchała1, Weronika Bielska1, Zuzanna Boczar1

  • 1Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Łódź, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland.

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|May 4, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thermoregulation impacts sleep by affecting core body temperature, temperature gradients, and melatonin. Disruptions contribute to sleep disorders, but temperature-based interventions may improve sleep quality.

Keywords:
circadian rhythmsleepthermoregulation

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep science
  • Thermoregulation
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Sleep is regulated by core body temperature (CBT) modulation, distal-proximal temperature gradient (DPG), and melatonin.
  • These thermoregulatory processes are crucial for maintaining healthy sleep physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intersection of thermoregulation and sleep physiology.
  • To examine the role of thermoregulatory disruptions in sleep disorders.
  • To explore temperature-based interventions for sleep disorder management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of thermoregulation and sleep.
  • Analysis of the pathophysiology of common sleep disorders (ADHD, insomnia, narcolepsy, OSA, depression, RLS).
  • Evaluation of temperature-based interventions (foot baths, passive body heating, hyperthermia, room temperature adjustments).

Main Results:

  • Delayed or disrupted CBT minima, impaired DPG, and altered melatonin secretion prolong sleep latency and fragment rest.
  • These thermoregulatory issues contribute to daytime symptoms in various sleep disorders.
  • Temperature-based interventions show potential for symptom mitigation and sleep enhancement.

Conclusions:

  • Thermoregulatory disruptions are implicated in the pathophysiology of common sleep disorders.
  • Personalized, noninvasive temperature-based interventions offer a promising approach for managing sleep disorders.
  • Addressing thermoregulatory dysfunction is key to improving sleep quality and overall health.