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Candidate Genomic Features Associated with Persistence in Enterococcus spp.

Catarina Geraldes^1,2, Carolina Silva^1,2, Filipa Vale³

¹CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.

|May 4, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial persistence in Enterococcus spp. is understudied. This study identified potential genetic factors like toxin-antitoxin systems in a ciprofloxacin-exposed persister strain, advancing understanding of Enterococcus survival strategies.

Keywords:

DNA repair Enterococcus spp.ciprofloxacin cold shock proteins healthcare associated infections persistence toxin-antitoxin systems

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Population and Single-Cell Analysis of Antibiotic Persistence in Escherichia coli

Population and Single-Cell Analysis of Antibiotic Persistence in Escherichia coli

Published on: March 24, 2023

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Genomics
Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

Bacterial persistence is a key survival mechanism under antibiotic stress.
Persistence in Enterococcus species remains poorly understood.
This study investigates persistence in Enterococcus isolates from various origins.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate bacterial persistence in Enterococcus spp. under ciprofloxacin exposure.
To identify potential genetic determinants associated with persistence in Enterococcus.
To compare genomic features of persister and non-persister isolates.

Main Methods:

Exposure of 40 Enterococcus spp. isolates to high-concentration ciprofloxacin.
Time-kill curve analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility reassessment.
Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS) of a presumptive persister isolate and a non-persister control.
Comparative genomic analysis to identify genetic variations.

Main Results:

A single presumptive persister isolate was identified after ciprofloxacin exposure.
WGS revealed the presence of toxin-antitoxin systems, a cold-shock protein, and XerC recombinase in the persister isolate.
A significant proportion of toxin-antitoxin system genes were located on plasmids.

Conclusions:

This study provides insights into potential genetic factors contributing to persistence in Enterococcus spp.
Toxin-antitoxin systems, cold-shock proteins, and XerC are putative candidates for further research into Enterococcus persistence.
Future studies, including RNA-sequencing, are needed to validate these findings.