Pharmacological Insights into Cannabidiol for Wound Healing and Bone Regeneration

Cannabidiol (CBD), a major nonpsychoactive phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis sativa L., has recently gained prominence for its broad pharmacological profile and emerging applications in regenerative medicine. Beyond its well-established neuroprotective, antiepileptic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anticancer effects, CBD has demonstrated the capacity to modulate key biological processes involved in tissue repair. Increasing evidence indicates that CBD promotes wound healing by regulating inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation, and extracellular matrix remodeling through interactions with cannabinoid and noncannabinoid receptors expressed in neural, immune, and epithelial cells. Notably, these receptors are also present in osteogenic and progenitor cells, suggesting that CBD may influence bone metabolism and regeneration. Recent preclinical studies have reported that CBD enhances osteoblastic differentiation, angiogenesis, and matrix mineralization, highlighting its potential as a bioactive molecule for bone tissue engineering. Within the dental field, such properties open new perspectives for the development of CBD-based biomaterials aimed at improving osseointegration, soft tissue healing, and the overall biological performance of implantable devices. Accordingly, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of CBD on wound healing and bone regeneration. Furthermore, it discusses dose-response relationships, delivery routes, formulation strategies, and the current legal and regulatory frameworks influencing CBD translation into clinical dental applications. These insights may support the rational design of next-generation bioactive materials incorporating CBD for oral and maxillofacial regenerative therapies.