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Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
Published on: June 5, 2020
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Hepatitis B: A Review
Wen-Juei Jeng1,2, Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip3,4, Anna S Lok5
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
JAMA
|May 4, 2026
Summary
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health concern. Universal HBV vaccination and antiviral therapies are crucial for preventing infection, reducing chronic disease progression, and lowering liver cancer risk.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Virology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection impacts 254 million globally, causing 1.1 million deaths annually.
- Mother-to-child transmission is a primary driver of chronic HBV infection worldwide.
- Low global birth-dose HBV vaccine coverage (45% in 2024) hinders elimination efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the global impact of HBV infection.
- To highlight effective prevention and treatment strategies.
- To underscore the importance of vaccination and antiviral therapy.
Main Methods:
- Serologic testing (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc) for diagnosis.
- Serum HBV DNA levels for replication assessment.
- Liver inflammation/fibrosis assessment (ALT, Fibrosis-4, elastography).
Main Results:
- HBV vaccination and hepatitis B immune globulin prevent ~94% of perinatal infections.
- Antiviral therapy reduces HBV DNA replication and HCC risk by ~50%.
- Chronic HBV can progress to cirrhosis (8-15% risk) and HCC (3-5% annual incidence).
Conclusions:
- Universal birth-dose HBV vaccination is the most effective strategy for HBV elimination.
- Antiviral therapy is recommended for chronic HBV patients with cirrhosis or high viral load/inflammation.
- Regular surveillance for HCC in high-risk patients is essential.
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