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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Digital Health
  • Health Promotion

Background:

  • Healthy aging is a global priority, yet older adults show low participation in traditional health promotion programs.
  • Mobile health (mHealth)-based gamification offers a novel approach to enhance engagement in health promotion for older adults.
  • Limited systematic reviews exist on the efficacy of mHealth gamification for this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and map mHealth interventions utilizing gamification strategies for health promotion in older adults.
  • To synthesize evidence on intervention designs, gamification elements, and reported health outcomes.
  • To establish a foundation for future research in this emerging field.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Literature search across 8 major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.) up to December 10, 2025.
  • Independent screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts by two reviewers, with a third reviewer resolving disagreements.

Main Results:

  • Eleven studies were identified, with most published after 2022.
  • Interventions demonstrated improvements in enjoyment, motivation, cognitive function, physical activity, and digital literacy.
  • Common gamification elements included progress, challenges, and rewards; augmented/virtual reality and wearables were notable mHealth types.

Conclusions:

  • mHealth gamification presents a promising, innovative strategy for older adult health promotion.
  • The review highlights the need for more research on long-term impacts, theoretical frameworks, and personalized interventions.
  • Findings offer guidance for developing effective, age-appropriate digital health solutions to support active aging.