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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Full-Chain Regulation Across Anode-Electrolyte-Cathode Enables High-Capacity and Durable Aqueous Zn-Te Batteries.

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Multifunctional choline iodide enhances aqueous zinc-tellurium (Zn-Te) batteries by stabilizing the zinc anode and improving cathode kinetics. This breakthrough enables high-performance energy storage with improved safety and capacity.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Aqueous zinc-tellurium (Zn-Te) batteries offer safe, high-capacity energy storage.
  • Key challenges include slow tellurium redox kinetics and unstable zinc anodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-performance aqueous Zn-Te battery using multifunctional choline iodide (ChI).
  • To investigate the full-chain regulation mechanism at the anode-electrolyte-cathode interface.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized choline iodide (ChI) as a multifunctional additive.
  • Investigated interfacial stabilization and ion migration kinetics using electrochemical methods.
  • Analyzed cathode catalysis and electrolyte optimization for Zn-Te chemistry.

Main Results:

  • Choline ions (Ch+) formed a water-deficient layer at the anode, enhancing Zn2+ migration.
  • Ch+ and iodide ions (I-) optimized the electrolyte and stabilized the Zn anode.
  • Iodide catalyzed Te redox reactions and contributed additional capacity at the cathode.
  • Zn symmetric cells achieved 8400 hours of stable cycling.
  • Zn//Te@EG full cells delivered 423.8 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g-1.

Conclusions:

  • Choline iodide effectively regulates the anode-electrolyte-cathode interface in aqueous Zn-Te batteries.
  • This strategy overcomes limitations of sluggish kinetics and anode instability.
  • Achieved high specific capacity and long-term cycling stability for practical energy storage applications.