Transcatheter mitral valve replacement

Transcatheter mitral valve interventions have seen a tremendous and constant increase in use over the past decade. Treatment is mainly aimed at mitral regurgitation (MR), the most common valve disease in industrialized countries. While transcatheter edge-to-edge repair has been established as the main therapy for this pathology, it is not a one-for-all option, and some types of MR would be better addressed using mitral valve replacement. Furthermore, non-rheumatic mitral valve stenosis and mitral annular calcification can only be treated using mitral valve replacement. Yet, although numerous devices have been developed, with some still under investigation in clinical trials, only three devices have received CE marking in the European Union and FDA approval in the United States. This review aims at providing an overview of current dedicated transcatheter mitral valve replacement therapies and those under investigation, while highlighting the indications as well as the potential and limitations of the devices.