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Wavelet-Transformer Attention Network for Accurate Fetal ECG Estimation from Multi-Channel Abdominal Signals.

Xu Wang, Zhaoshui He, Zhijie Lin

    IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
    |May 5, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new Wavelet-Transformer Attention Network (WTA-Net) effectively extracts fetal electrocardiograms from abdominal recordings. This advanced method significantly improves accuracy in prenatal monitoring by reducing maternal interference and noise.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Signal Processing
    • Medical Informatics

    Background:

    • Accurate fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) extraction from abdominal recordings is crucial for prenatal monitoring.
    • Challenges include strong maternal electrocardiogram (MECG) artifacts and low signal quality, hindering reliable FECG analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel deep learning network, the Wavelet-Transformer Attention Network (WTA-Net), for robust FECG extraction.
    • To effectively suppress MECG interference and attenuate noise artifacts in abdominal FECG signals.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of the WTA-Net incorporating a Cross-Attention Transformer (CAT) module to model cross-modal interactions and suppress MECG.
    • Integration of a Residual Shrinkage (RS) module for adaptive thresholding to reduce noise artifacts.

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  • Validation on the ADFECGDB and B2_LABOUR databases.

    • Main Results:

    • The WTA-Net demonstrated superior performance compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.
    • Achieved high positive predictive values for fetal QRS detection: 99.82% on ADFECGDB and 99.87% on B2_LABOUR.
    • Significantly enhanced the reliability of FECG extraction for prenatal monitoring.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed WTA-Net offers an effective solution for accurate FECG extraction in the presence of significant artifacts.
    • This advancement holds promise for improving the accuracy and reliability of non-invasive prenatal monitoring techniques.