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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

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Published on: August 12, 2017

Induction of Clinical Operational Tolerance Through Immunosuppression Minimization: Less Is More?

Emilia Knioła¹, Bartosz Foroncewicz¹, Jan Lerut²

¹Department of Transplantology, Immunology, Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver

|May 5, 2026

Summary

Achieving operational tolerance in liver transplantation aims to reduce immunosuppression side effects. Optimizing drug regimens and withdrawal protocols can lead to successful immunosuppression-free states, improving patient quality of life.

Keywords:

clinical operational tolerance immunosuppression minimization liver transplantation mTOR inhibitors regulatory T cells tacrolimus

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In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

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A Mouse Tumor Model of Surgical Stress to Explore the Mechanisms of Postoperative Immunosuppression and Evaluate Novel Perioperative Immunotherapies

A Mouse Tumor Model of Surgical Stress to Explore the Mechanisms of Postoperative Immunosuppression and Evaluate Novel Perioperative Immunotherapies

Published on: March 12, 2014

Area of Science:

Immunology
Transplantation Medicine
Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

Clinical operational tolerance in liver transplantation is a key goal to minimize long-term immunosuppression.
Regulatory T cells and tolerogenic dendritic cells play crucial roles in immune suppression and achieving tolerance.
Immunosuppressive drugs impact these crucial immune cells, necessitating careful regimen optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the immunological basis of operational tolerance in liver transplantation.
To explore strategies for optimizing immunosuppressive regimens for drug withdrawal.
To assess the feasibility and predictors of successful immunosuppression withdrawal.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on immunological mechanisms of tolerance.
Analysis of immunosuppressive drug effects on regulatory immune cells.
Evaluation of data from immunosuppressive reduction and withdrawal protocols.

Main Results:

Stepwise immunosuppressive reduction can achieve operational tolerance without compromising graft function.
Successful immunosuppression withdrawal is feasible and safe in selected patients.
Factors like time post-transplant, recipient age, and gender predict withdrawal success.

Conclusions:

Optimizing immunosuppressive regimens is essential for successful drug withdrawal.
Minimizing immunosuppression, even early post-transplant, facilitates later withdrawal.
Reducing immunosuppression improves long-term outcomes and quality of life for liver transplant recipients.