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Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

5.0K
Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

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The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
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Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

5.2K
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
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Factors Affecting Illness01:18

Factors Affecting Illness

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When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
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An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

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Factors Associated With Menopause Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Janice Hoang1,2, Kathryn Halliday1, Deborah Allen1

  • 1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
|May 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Socio-demographic and behavioral factors significantly impact menopause symptoms. Ethnicity, education, income, smoking, obesity, and depression influence symptom experience, necessitating personalized care strategies.

Keywords:
disparitiesmenopausemeta‐analysissymptomssystematic review

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

11.7K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Menopause involves hormonal decline and cessation of menstruation, leading to various symptoms.
  • Socio-demographic and behavioral factors can influence the type and severity of menopausal symptoms.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for effective symptom management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze factors associated with the presence and severity of menopausal symptoms.
  • To identify demographic, behavioral, and health factors linked to specific menopausal symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases.
  • Inclusion of studies reporting odds ratios or raw numbers for symptom presence/severity in women aged 40-60.
  • Meta-analysis of 61 studies, reporting odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, with quality assessment for risk of bias.

Main Results:

  • Compared to White women, Black women reported higher odds of vasomotor symptoms and vaginal dryness, while Asian women reported lower odds of vasomotor symptoms.
  • Higher education, high income, and depression were associated with increased presence of vasomotor symptoms.
  • Smoking and obesity were linked to both the presence and severity of vasomotor symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Ethnicity, education, income, smoking, obesity, and depression are significant factors influencing menopausal symptoms.
  • These findings underscore the importance of personalized care approaches for managing menopausal symptoms.
  • The study provides evidence for targeted interventions based on individual socio-demographic and behavioral profiles.