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Microphysiological Systems: Transforming Biomedical and Clinical Research.

Om Saswat Sahoo1, Avisha Tyagi1, Aparna K Sharma2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|May 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microphysiological systems (MPS) offer human-relevant models for drug development, overcoming limitations of traditional methods. These organ-on-chip technologies are advancing pharmaceutical research and safety assessment.

Keywords:
disease modelingdrug developmentmicrofluidicsmicrophysiological systemsorgan‐on‐a‐chippersonalized medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Drug Development
  • Translational Science

Background:

  • The pharmaceutical industry faces significant drug development challenges due to the low predictive power of conventional preclinical models.
  • Microphysiological systems (MPS) are emerging as advanced, human-relevant alternatives to traditional in vitro and animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the technological advancements, biological applications, and regulatory landscape of MPS in drug development.
  • To highlight the potential of MPS in addressing the translational bottleneck in pharmaceutical research.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of microfabrication, biomaterials, stem cell biology, microfluidics, and real-time sensing.
  • Development of organ-specific platforms, multi-organ systems, and body-on-chip models for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.

Main Results:

  • MPS platforms can recapitulate organ-level structure, function, and disease dynamics with high physiological fidelity.
  • Regulatory bodies like the FDA are increasingly recognizing MPS as a validated approach for drug development and safety assessment.

Conclusions:

  • MPS represent a transformative technology for improving the predictive accuracy of preclinical drug testing and accelerating development timelines.
  • Addressing challenges in cell sourcing, heterogeneity, scalability, and standardization is crucial for the widespread adoption of MPS.