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Related Concept Videos

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I01:25

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I

A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
Community Based Intervention01:30

Community Based Intervention

Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
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The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score (PRIUS): A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
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Current Practices and a Novel Operational Framework for Planning Research on Digital Health Promotion Interventions

Claire Collin1, Corinne Alberti1,2, Philippe Martin1,2,3

  • 1Université Paris Cité, Inserm, ECEVE, Paris, France.

Journal of Medical Internet Research
|May 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This review analyzed digital health intervention research phases, finding iterative structures and subjective progression criteria are common. Developing explicit frameworks can improve rigor and reduce waste in DHI research.

Keywords:
complex interventionsdigital healthhealth promotionmethodological frameworkresearch program design

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health Interventions (DHIs)
  • Complex Interventions
  • Health Research Methodology

Background:

  • The UK Medical Research Council's Guidance on Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions (MRC GDECI) provides a framework but lacks practical guidance for phase selection and progression.
  • This is particularly challenging for fast-paced Digital Health Interventions (DHIs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine research phases, progression, and intervention characteristics in DHI research.
  • To inform the design of future DHI research programs.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping review of complex DHIs for adolescents and young adults (2017-2026).
  • Searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
  • Analyzed phase arrangements, progression mechanisms, and program durations from protocols and publications.

Main Results:

  • 31 research programs were included; development, feasibility, evaluation, and implementation phases were reported in 26, 23, 31, and 7 programs, respectively.
  • Iterative phase arrangements (22 programs) were most common, often with progression based on researcher appraisal rather than predefined criteria.
  • A novel 4-step operational framework and visualization tools were developed.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first systematic examination of phase arrangements and progression in DHI research.
  • A flexible operational framework is offered to support the implementation of the MRC GDECI.
  • Increased explicitness in research program structure can enhance rigor, reduce waste, and improve intervention integrity and reproducibility.