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  3. Age-related Differences In Response Time Across Adolescence Reflect Premotor, But Not Motor, Processing Speed.
  1. Home
  3. Age-related Differences In Response Time Across Adolescence Reflect Premotor, But Not Motor, Processing Speed.

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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Age-Related Differences in Response Time Across Adolescence Reflect Premotor, but Not Motor, Processing Speed.

William Slawson1, Greg Hajcak2, Bob McMurray1

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.

Psychophysiology
|May 7, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Processing speed in adolescents improves due to faster premotor processes, not motor processes. This study used electroencephalography (EEG) to analyze age-related changes in premotor and motor reaction time domains.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Developmental improvements in processing speed are often attributed to a single global factor.
  • However, age-related effects may differ across premotor and motor processes, reflecting varied neurodevelopmental trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related differences in processing speed between premotor and motor domains during adolescence.
  • To determine if domain-specific differences explain age-related variance in choice reaction time (RT).

Main Methods:

  • Adolescents (N=204, ages 14-19) completed a flanker task with electroencephalography (EEG) recording.
  • Lateralized readiness potential (LRP) latencies (stimulus-locked S-LRP and response-locked R-LRP) were used to differentiate premotor and motor intervals.
  • Mediation analysis examined the relationship between age, LRP latencies, and RT.

    • Main Results:

    • Both S-LRP and R-LRP latencies correlated with RT.
    • Only S-LRP latency showed a significant decrease with age.
    • Age indirectly influenced RT through S-LRP latency, but not R-LRP latency.

    Conclusions:

    • Faster processing speed in older adolescents is primarily driven by advancements in premotor processing.
    • LRP latencies are valuable for studying domain-specific processing speed variations.
    • Future research should integrate structural development with functional measures.