Intranasal inflammatory polyps associated with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome in a pug dog

Intranasal inflammatory polyps are commonly reported in cats but are rarely described in dogs. A pug dog was presented with chronic upper airway obstruction consistent with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). Computed tomographic examination of the skull revealed intranasal soft-tissue masses causing marked airflow obstruction. Surgical correction of BOAS was completed, including removal of the intranasal obstructive tissue. Histopathologic examination confirmed inflammatory polyps. Clinical signs improved markedly following surgery. This case highlights intranasal inflammatory polyps as an uncommon and potentially underrecognized comorbidity in dogs with BOAS and emphasizes the importance of considering this diagnosis in brachycephalic dogs with persistent or atypical respiratory signs. Key clinical message: Intranasal inflammatory polyps may represent an uncommon and underrecognized comorbidity in dogs with BOAS. Recognition of concurrent intranasal pathology is important, as surgical management may result in significant clinical improvement.