Reconfigurable Adaptive Synapse and Logic Device by Ambipolar Ferroelectric Semiconductor

Dynamic control in artificial intelligence hardware is increasingly emphasized for the co-integration of learning and computing. However, existing approaches to dynamic mode modulation often require impractical structures or parasitic external signals, which pose significant challenges for realistic implementation. This study presents an α-In₂Se₃ device with ambipolar transport behavior, achieved through surface charge transfer doping (SCTD). The p-type conduction arises from In₂O₃, which acts as the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), and Se vacancies, which serve as acceptors. Adaptive synaptic and logic functions are enabled through the control of ferroelectric polarization. The excitatory/inhibitory synaptic mode reconfiguration was successfully realized at an ultralow energy consumption from approximately 200 aJ to 20 fJ. The reversible ferroelectric switching serves as the underlying mechanism for the tunability of the inverter trip point. This study is an effort to break away from dedicated stationary applications and move closer to a future prototype device than previous works in integrating neuromorphic computing and logical functionalities.