Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin in topical applications through nanoformulations

Curcumin, one of the prominent curcuminoids present in turmeric, possesses significant value in the pharmaceutical industry owing to its diverse array of pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties. Traditionally used for mild skin conditions, curcumin has recently shown significant potential in treating dermatological cancers and promoting wound healing. However, it has poor dermal absorption due to low solubility and limited skin permeation. Applying appropriate formulation strategies appears to be gaining traction as a means to harness its full therapeutic value. In this regard, nano formulations of curcumin have proven useful in managing certain skin conditions. This review focuses on the topical applications of various curcumin nanoformulations, with a particular emphasis on wound healing and anti-skin cancer effects. We analyze the reported in vitro and in vivo studies of commonly used curcumin nanoformulations in this area and comprehensively discuss various formulation approaches to achieve optimum therapeutic efficacy.