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Published on: June 5, 2021
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Encephalitis With Cerebrospinal Fluid Polymerase Chain
Gonçalo Dias1, Ana I Franco2, Miguel G Santos1
1Critical Care, Unidade Local de Saúde Região de Leiria, Leiria, PRT.
Abstract:
Neurological manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are common, yet direct neuroinvasion remains a rare finding. We report the case of a 46-year-old male presenting with acute delirium and behavioral changes in the total absence of respiratory symptoms. While initial neuroimaging and infectious workups were unremarkable, a repeat lumbar puncture detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), supporting the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2-associated encephalitis. The patient experienced a spontaneous recovery, highlighting the importance of cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction (CSF PCR) testing even when systemic viral loads are undetectable.
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