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A Murine Model of Hyperlipidemia-Induced Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: March 29, 2024
Nutrient-Stimulated Hormone Therapies in Heart Failure: Targeting Cardiometabolic Burden Beyond Weight Reduction
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Insights
Nutrient-Stimulated Hormone (NuSH) therapies, like GLP-1 agonists, offer significant weight loss and heart protection for obesity and heart failure (HF). These therapies are becoming essential for managing HFpEF and require careful use in HFrEF.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Obesity and heart failure (HF) form a growing epidemic with a unique cardiometabolic profile.
- Traditional treatments like lifestyle changes and bariatric surgery have limitations in managing this complex condition.
- Nutrient-Stimulated Hormone (NuSH) therapies, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, represent a novel therapeutic avenue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the paradigm shift in managing obesity and HF with NuSH therapies.
- To analyze the impact of NuSH therapies on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
- To discuss future directions for NuSH therapy optimization in cardiovascular care.
Main Methods:
- Review of pivotal clinical trial evidence, including STEP-HFpEF and SUMMIT.
- Analysis of the mechanisms of action and clinical outcomes associated with NuSH therapies.
- Discussion of safety considerations and future research needs.
Main Results:
- NuSH therapies provide surgical-magnitude weight loss and significant cardioprotection.
- Established as a new standard of care for HFpEF, improving functional capacity and reducing clinical endpoints.
- NuSH therapies show promise but require a cautious, precision-based approach in HFrEF due to safety concerns.
Conclusions:
- NuSH therapies are evolving into essential disease-modifying agents for HF management.
- Clinical practice requires recalibration to address the metabolic underpinnings of HF.
- Future research should focus on mitigating sarcopenic obesity and utilizing biomarker-guided protocols.
Abstract:
The intersection of obesity and heart failure (HF) represents a growing epidemic characterized by a distinct cardiometabolic phenotype. Historically, management has been hamstrung by a significant therapeutic gap: lifestyle interventions often fail to overcome metabolic inertia, yielding negligible weight reduction, while bariatric surgery remains limited by invasiveness. The emergence of Nutrient-Stimulated Hormone (NuSH) therapies, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, has revolutionized this landscape. This review delineates the paradigm shift driven by these agents, which act as a "medical bypass" offering surgical-magnitude weight loss and broad pleiotropic cardioprotection. We analyze pivotal evidence from the STEP-HFpEF and SUMMIT trials, demonstrating that NuSH therapies have established a new standard of care in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) by not only restoring functional capacity but also significantly reducing hard clinical endpoints. Conversely, we navigate the uncertainty surrounding heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), where historical safety signals regarding chronotropic effects and arrhythmias necessitate a cautious, precision-based approach. Finally, we discuss critical future frontiers, emphasizing the "muscle imperative" to mitigate sarcopenic obesity and the need for biomarker-guided protocols. NuSH therapies have evolved from metabolic tools into essential disease-modifying pillars, necessitating a fundamental recalibration of clinical practice to target the metabolic root of HF.
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