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Intelligent technologies in operating room nursing: A bibliometric analysis of research
Yang Yu1, Zhili Rao1, Wen Zheng2
1Department of Operating Room, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Background:
The integration of intelligent technologies in operating room nursing represents a rapidly evolving field. Intelligent operating room nursing refers to the application of artificial intelligence, robotic systems, smart sensing, and data-driven decision support tools within the intraoperative setting to assist perioperative nurses in risk identification, workflow optimization, real-time clinical monitoring, and individualized patient care. Despite growing technological adoption, systematic understanding of the research landscape, knowledge structure, and developmental trajectories remains limited.
Objective:
We aimed to analyze comprehensively worldwide research trends, identify key contributors, and reveal emerging developments in intelligent operating room nursing through bibliometric analysis.
Information Sources:
Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were searched from January 2015 to April 2025.
Methods:
Following predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria based on relevance to intelligent operating room nursing and publication quality, 291 eligible articles were analyzed using R software with bibliometrix package, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace for bibliometric analysis, network visualization, and thematic evolution assessment.
Results:
Publication output increased from 16 articles in 2015 to 49 in 2024, with 45.4% of total publications concentrated between 2022 and 2024. The United States dominated with 132 publications, followed by Germany and the United Kingdom (33 each). The Technical University of Munich led institutional contributions with 7 publications. Keyword analysis revealed evolution from an early focus on operating room scheduling and multi-objective optimization (2017) to deep learning applications (between 2020 and 2023), natural language processing (2023), and robotic scrub nurse development (between 2023 and 2025). Six major research themes emerged: Surgical Robotics & Equipment, Nursing Staff & Scheduling, Communication & Collaboration, Information Systems & Data Management, Intelligent Algorithms & Decision Support, and Safety, Quality, & Risk Management.
Conclusions:
The field demonstrated rapid growth with clear thematic evolution toward nursing-centered intelligent automation and human-machine collaboration systems. Future researchers should prioritize comparative effectiveness studies, implementation strategies, and global health equity considerations to ensure widespread clinical translation.
Registration:
Not applicable.
Social Media Abstract:
Global bibliometric analysis (between 2015 and April 2025) revealed rapid growth in intelligent operating room nursing, with robotic surgery, artificial intelligence, and human-machine collaboration as emerging trends.
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