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Coherence between Brain Cortical Function and Neurocognitive Performance during Changed Gravity Conditions
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Challenges for cognitive research in spaceflight and analog environments.
Pierpaolo Zivi1, Stefano Sdoia1, Rossella Ventura1
1Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Iscience
|May 11, 2026
Summary
Human cognition research in space and analog environments shows inconsistent results, with many cognitive functions underexplored. Future research needs systematic, theory-based approaches for effective countermeasure development.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive neuroscience
- Space psychology
Background:
- Cognition research in spaceflight and analog environments has expanded significantly.
- Existing studies show inconsistent findings regarding cognitive changes and leave several functions underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of topics and issues in cognitive research within spaceflight and analog environments.
- To highlight research gaps and challenges in the field.
- To outline necessary steps for advancing knowledge and developing theory-based countermeasures.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and analysis of existing cognition research in spaceflight and analog environments.
- Organization of findings by cognitive domains.
- Identification of methodological limitations and theoretical gaps.
Main Results:
- Evidence suggests human cognition changes in spaceflight, but results are inconsistent across studies.
- Several cognitive functions remain underexplored.
- A lack of systematic, theory-relevant investigations hinders progress.
Conclusions:
- Current research faces methodological limitations and a deficit in systematic, theory-driven investigations.
- Advancing the field requires addressing identified gaps and challenges.
- Developing an overarching framework is crucial for theory-based countermeasure development in space cognition.
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