[Infections in the elderly: what's new in 2026?]

Physiological ageing is associated with numerous changes (immunosenescence, inflammaging) that, when combined with comorbidities, increase the risk of infectious diseases. These conditions are associated with a high risk of both short- and long-term complications in the elderly population, including hospitalisation, decompensation of comorbidities and loss of functional independence. Some of these infections are preventable through measures such as vaccination, which nevertheless remains underused in France. This insufficient prevention contributes to an increased incidence of bacterial infections in a population already disproportionately affected, and consequently to the widespread prescription of antibiotics. Such overexposure is one of the drivers of antimicrobial resistance, a major public health challenge that is expected to worsen in the coming years. Here again, several strategies are available, including the appropriate use of antibiotics and, once more, vaccination. Adapting our practices accordingly is essential, both in the interest of patients and for the protection of public health.