68 Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT Outperforms 18 F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nuclear Medicine
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive mature T-cell neoplasm.
• ATL is caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1).
• ATL has a poor prognosis and often involves extranodal sites.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present the positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging findings in a case of ATL.
• To illustrate the utility of 18F-FDG and 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT in evaluating extranodal and nodal lesions in ATL.

Main Methods:

• Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans were performed.
• 18F-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) and 68Ga-pentixafor were used as radiotracers.
• Imaging focused on extranodal hepatic lesions and multiple nodal lesions.

Main Results:

• The PET/CT scans revealed characteristic uptake patterns in both hepatic and nodal lesions.
• 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated metabolic activity in the lesions.
• 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT provided additional information on chemokine receptor expression.

Conclusions:

• PET/CT imaging, utilizing both 18F-FDG and 68Ga-pentixafor, can effectively visualize and characterize ATL lesions.
• These imaging modalities may aid in the diagnosis, staging, and management of ATL.
• Further research is warranted to explore the full potential of advanced PET/CT tracers in ATL.