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Aranyo Mitra¹, Lance C Moore¹, Karoline Kallis²

¹Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.

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Summary

AI automated cervical brachytherapy plans are comparable to manual plans. Expert physicians found AI plans indistinguishable from clinical ones, achieving similar quality in just 1.4 minutes.

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Oncology
Artificial Intelligence

Background:

Cervical brachytherapy is a crucial component of cancer treatment.
Manual treatment planning is time-consuming and requires significant expertise.
AI offers potential for automating and improving treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the quality and clinical acceptability of AI-generated automated plans for cervical brachytherapy.
To compare AI automated plans against manually created clinical plans using blinded physician review.
To assess the time efficiency of AI automated planning.

Main Methods:

AI automated plans were generated using a U-Net model with dose predictions and anatomical data.
A total of 2005 brachytherapy plans from 7 implant types were used for model training and testing.
Ten expert gynecologic brachytherapy physicians blindly reviewed and scored randomized automated and clinical plan pairs.

Main Results:

AI automated plans were preferred or deemed equivalent to manual plans in approximately 50% of cases.
Both automated and clinical plans received an average quality score of 4 (acceptable).
Physicians could not reliably distinguish between AI automated and manual clinical plans (50% correct identification rate).

Conclusions:

AI automated planning technology produces cervical brachytherapy plans of comparable quality to manual plans.
The AI-generated plans were indistinguishable from those created by clinicians.
AI automated planning significantly reduces planning time to a median of 1.4 minutes.