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Development and Validation of the Nurses' Performance for Enhancing Patient Participation Scale
Ling Zhu1,2, Petsunee Thungjaroenkul3, Kulwadee Abhicharttibutra1
1Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Journal of Nursing Measurement
|May 11, 2026
Summary
A new scale, the Nurses' Performance for Enhancing Patient Participation Scale (NPEPPS), has been developed and validated. This tool effectively measures nurses' performance in promoting patient participation in Chinese healthcare.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare research
- Nursing practice
- Patient engagement
Background:
- Patient participation is crucial in contemporary healthcare.
- A validated instrument to assess nurses' role in enhancing patient participation in China was lacking.
- This study aimed to develop and validate such a tool.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate the Nurses' Performance for Enhancing Patient Participation Scale (NPEPPS).
- To provide a reliable and valid measure for assessing nurses' effectiveness in promoting patient participation.
- To address the need for a specific instrument in the Chinese healthcare context.
Main Methods:
- Content validity, construct validity, and reliability were assessed.
- Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used with 632 nurses for construct validity.
- Reliability was tested on an additional 100 nurses.
Main Results:
- The 38-item NPEPPS showed four components, explaining 70.86% of the variance.
- A high content validity index (.97) and good model fit in confirmatory factor analysis were observed.
- Reliability was strong, with coefficient alpha ranging from .87 to .96, and no significant social desirability bias.
Conclusions:
- The NPEPPS is a reliable and valid scale for measuring nurses' performance in enhancing patient participation.
- The scale is suitable for use in Chinese healthcare settings.
- This instrument can support efforts to improve patient engagement in care.
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