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MOGAD optic neuritis post enterovirus meningitis: a new association

Salman Aljarallah1, Othman O Aldraihem2, Khalid Alqarni1

  • 1Neurology Unit - Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

BMJ Neurology Open
|May 12, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Enterovirus meningitis may trigger myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), a rare autoimmune disorder. This case highlights the need to consider post-infectious demyelination after viral meningitis.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a rare autoimmune demyelinating disorder.
  • Common presentations include optic neuritis and transverse myelitis.
  • Viral triggers are known, but enterovirus meningitis association is not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of MOGAD following enterovirus meningitis.
  • To highlight a potential, under-documented trigger for MOGAD.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 17-year-old female.
  • Diagnosis of enterovirus meningitis confirmed by CSF PCR and MRI.
  • Diagnosis of MOGAD confirmed by positive MOG-IgG and clinical presentation.
  • Treatment with intravenous steroids.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with enterovirus meningitis.
  • Subsequently developed optic neuritis.
  • Confirmed MOGAD with positive MOG-IgG.
  • Achieved full recovery after steroid treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Enterovirus meningitis may be a trigger for MOGAD.
  • Post-infectious demyelination should be considered in neurological symptoms post-viral meningitis.
Keywords:
NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

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