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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...

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Enhancing Catalyst Stability for Magnetically Induced Aqueous Catalysis: Functionalization with a Hydrosoluble

José Aceituno1, Adrián Sánchez1, Jaime Mazarío2

  • 1IIQ, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain.

Chemsuschem
|May 12, 2026
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Summary

Stable, water-compatible magnetic catalysts were developed for efficient biomass conversion. These functionalized nanoparticles enable aqueous hydrogenation of biomass compounds using magnetic induction heating.

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Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
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Surface Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Improved Moisture Resistance
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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
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Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
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Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry

Published on: October 18, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Efficient biomass transformation is crucial for sustainable chemical production.
  • Aqueous reduction processes offer an environmentally friendly approach to biomass conversion.
  • Developing stable and reusable catalysts for aqueous reactions remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create stable, water-compatible magnetic nanoparticles for biomass-derived compound hydrogenation.
  • To investigate the effect of a novel zwitterionic ligand on catalyst performance in water.
  • To optimize catalyst design for efficient and sustainable chemical synthesis from biomass.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of core-shell FeCo@Ni nanoparticles (NPs).
  • Functionalization of NPs with a hydrosoluble zwitterionic amidinate ligand via ligand exchange.
  • Characterization of NPs using dynamic light scattering (DLS).
  • Evaluation of catalytic activity in vanillin hydrogenation using magnetic induction heating.

Main Results:

  • Functionalized FeCo@Ni NPs (FeCo@NiWS(n)) exhibited enhanced stability in water compared to non-functionalized NPs.
  • The FeCo@NiWS(0.3) catalyst demonstrated an optimal balance of activity and stability.
  • Magnetic induction heating enabled efficient hydrogenation under mild bulk conditions.
  • Localized surface heating and rapid warming facilitated efficient transformations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed magnetic nanoparticles offer a stable and efficient catalytic system for aqueous biomass conversion.
  • The functionalization strategy enhances catalyst performance and recyclability in water.
  • Magnetically induced catalysis presents a promising route for sustainable chemical synthesis from biomass-derived feedstocks.