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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime
07:36

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Published on: May 3, 2016

Children's Exposure to Recent Family Member Criminal Legal System Involvement.

Naoka Carey1,2, Rebekah Levine Coley1

  • 1Lynch School of Education and Human Development, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.

JAMA Network Open
|May 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Millions of children are affected by family criminal legal contacts (CLCs). Rates of family CLCs, including charges and convictions, have significantly increased, impacting child well-being.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Criminology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • The US criminal legal system's expansion impacts societal well-being.
  • Children can be adversely affected by their family members' criminal legal contacts (CLCs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of children experiencing family member CLCs in the past year and 5 years.
  • To analyze how prevalence varies by family relationship, child age, and time period.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study using criminal legal system records from 24 states (2000-2021).
  • Linked children to family members via birth records and surveys, then to CLCs.
  • Analyzed prevalence of charges, convictions, felony convictions, and incarceration.

Main Results:

  • Between 2000-2021, 15.0% of children had a family member charged, 11.6% had a family member convicted, and 1.4% had a family member incarcerated within 5 years.
  • Parent CLCs accounted for a significant portion of family CLCs.
  • Prevalence of family CLCs among children rose from 6.6% to 19.6% between 2000 and 2019.

Conclusions:

  • Children experience pervasive and increasing rates of family CLCs.
  • These findings highlight profound implications for child and adolescent well-being.
  • Professionals working with children must consider the impact of family CLCs.