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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
Introduction to Urinary System01:13

Introduction to Urinary System

The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters01:11

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters

The upper urinary system comprises two kidneys and two ureters, which are crucial in filtering blood and forming urine.KidneysLocation and Structure:The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs positioned behind the peritoneum on either side of the spine.Kidneys are between the 12th thoracic (T12) and the 3rd lumbar (L3) vertebrae.The position of the liver causes the right kidney to sit slightly lower than the left.Protective Layers:Each kidney is enveloped in a tough, fibrous membrane called the...
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation01:26

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...

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Updated: May 14, 2026

Emergency Undocking in Robotic Surgery: A Simulation Curriculum
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Published on: May 20, 2018

Practical Implementation of Simulation Within the Urogynecology Curriculum.

Nicole J Wood1, Erin Higgins2, Veronica Lerner3,4,5

  • 1Department of Urogynecology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|May 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Simulation-based education enhances urogynecology training by providing safe, hands-on practice for complex procedures. This approach addresses training gaps and improves skills for future surgeons.

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Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Emergency Undocking in Robotic Surgery: A Simulation Curriculum
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Published on: May 20, 2018

Using Simulation Models to Train Clinicians in the Use of Point-of-Care Ultrasound
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Published on: August 9, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Urogynecology

Background:

  • Declining procedural volumes and variable clinical exposure create challenges in urogynecology training.
  • Simulation-based education (SBE) offers a solution by providing safe, experiential learning opportunities.
  • Adult learning principles underpin SBE, facilitating reflective practice and skill development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles of simulation in medical education.
  • To describe current simulation modalities applicable to urogynecology training.
  • To discuss practical strategies for integrating SBE into urogynecology curricula.

Main Methods:

  • This narrative review synthesizes existing literature on SBE in urogynecology.
  • It covers foundational simulation principles and available training models.
  • The review also addresses implementation considerations for educational programs.

Main Results:

  • A wide array of simulation models exist for urogynecologic procedures, including task trainers, manikins, cadavers, and virtual reality.
  • While innovation and validity studies are increasing, implementation strategies are less frequently detailed.
  • Effective integration requires clear goals, needs assessment, and resource allocation.

Conclusions:

  • Simulation is a valuable adjunct to traditional urogynecology clinical training.
  • It enhances competency, supports standardized assessment, and prepares trainees for certification.
  • Strategic use of advancing simulation technology will be crucial for future urogynecology education.