A Supervised Hybrid Prenatal Exercise Program Reduces the Incidence of Macrosomia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine
• Exercise Science

Background:

• Prenatal exercise is crucial for maternal and fetal health.
• Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) and macrosomia are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
• Supervised exercise programs can mitigate these risks, but accessibility remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of a supervised hybrid prenatal exercise program on macrosomia and EGWG.
• To assess the feasibility of combining in-person and online sessions for prenatal exercise delivery.

Main Methods:

• A randomized clinical trial (NCT04563065) involving 138 participants.
• Participants were randomized into an exercise group (EG) or a control group (CG).
• The EG engaged in a hybrid exercise program (1 in-person, 2 online sessions/week) until delivery; the CG received usual care.

Main Results:

• The incidence of macrosomia was significantly lower in the EG (0%) compared to the CG (7.3%, p=0.01).
• No significant difference in EGWG was observed between the groups (9.6% vs. 19.4%, p=0.13).
• Apgar scores at 5 minutes were slightly higher in the EG (p=0.03).

Conclusions:

• A supervised hybrid prenatal exercise program effectively reduced macrosomia incidence.
• The program demonstrated feasibility and potential benefits, including improved Apgar scores.
• Hybrid delivery models offer a promising strategy for enhancing prenatal exercise accessibility and adherence.