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Streptomyces calvus Isolate 27 Promotes Plant Growth Through Hormone Accumulation and Bioactive Compounds.

Mayra Santiago-Velasco1, Enrique González-Pérez1, Raúl Rodríguez-Guerra2

  • 1Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A. C., Camino a la Presa de San José 2055, Lomas 4ta Sección, C.P., San Luis Potosí 78216, SLP, México.

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PubMed
Summary

Streptomyces calvus isolate 27, a soil bacterium, significantly boosts plant growth in Arabidopsis and tomato. This bioinoculant promotes root development and biomass by modulating plant hormonal pathways.

Keywords:
Arabidopsis thalianaphytohormonesplant–actinobacteria interactionssustainable agriculturevolatile organic compounds

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Plant Science
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Actinobacteria, including Streptomyces species, are recognized for their potential as plant biostimulants and biological control agents.
  • Plant growth promotion by microorganisms involves complex interactions influencing plant physiology and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the plant growth-promoting effects of Streptomyces calvus isolate 27 on Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato.
  • To investigate the mechanisms underlying growth promotion, including hormonal pathway activation and volatile organic compound (VOC) production.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro assays using split-plate and physical contact systems to assess effects on Arabidopsis growth parameters (fresh weight, lateral root number).
  • Analysis of auxin-responsive pathways using a DR5::uidA reporter line and rescue of the rhd6 mutant phenotype.
  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify VOCs produced by the isolate.
  • Soil-based pot assays to evaluate growth promotion in Arabidopsis and tomato under more realistic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Streptomyces calvus isolate 27 significantly increased fresh weight and lateral root number in Arabidopsis in vitro.
  • The isolate activated auxin-responsive pathways and restored root hair formation in the rhd6 mutant.
  • GC-MS analysis identified alcohols and sesquiterpenes among the VOCs emitted by isolate 27.
  • In soil assays, isolate 27 enhanced the growth of both Arabidopsis and tomato plants, increasing biomass and root/shoot lengths.

Conclusions:

  • Streptomyces calvus isolate 27 effectively promotes the growth of Arabidopsis and tomato plants.
  • The plant growth promotion is mediated by bioactive compounds, including VOCs, that modulate plant hormonal pathways.
  • Isolate 27 shows significant potential as a bioinoculant for sustainable agriculture.