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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
12:13

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Published on: November 19, 2019

Semen RNA-Based Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Detection and Risk Stratification: A Prospective Multicenter

Duncan H Whitney1, Matthew Clay1, Joel Wipperfurth1

  • 1Gregor Diagnostics, Madison, Wisconsin.

The Journal of Urology
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new non-invasive test using semen RNA can accurately detect prostate cancer. This innovative approach may significantly reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies, improving early detection and risk stratification.

Keywords:
RNAbiomarkersprostate cancerrisk stratificationsemen

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Prostate cancer diagnosis often relies on invasive procedures like biopsies.
  • There is a need for accurate, non-invasive methods for prostate cancer detection and risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of semen RNA biomarkers for detecting prostate cancer.
  • To differentiate between prostate cancer grade groups using these biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-center prospective study collected semen samples before prostate biopsy.
  • Exome-wide gene expression profiling was performed on extracted RNA.
  • A machine-learning classifier was developed and validated to detect prostate cancer.

Main Results:

  • The validated classifier achieved an AUC of 0.90, with 92% sensitivity and 69% specificity.
  • High-risk prostate cancers (ISUP Grade Group ≥3) were ruled out with 96% negative predictive value.
  • No significant performance difference was observed between training and validation cohorts.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive prostate cancer tests using semen RNA are feasible and highly accurate.
  • This test could potentially reduce unnecessary biopsies by 60-70%.
  • The findings represent a significant advancement in prostate cancer testing and risk stratification.