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Identification and validation of UDP-glycosyltransferase genes associated with lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in Cydia
Yun-Tong Lv1, Yao Ma2, Ming-Rui Li2
1College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control of Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China..
Abstract:
Cydia pomonella is a major pest of pome fruits, and its resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin threatens agricultural production. UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are key phase II detoxification enzymes, which play crucial roles in the metabolism and detoxification of various xenobiotics, including insecticides. However, the specific UGT genes involved in lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in C. pomonella remain largely unknown. Here, we integrated bioassays, enzyme activity assays, RNA-seq, RT-qPCR, RNAi, and AlphaFold 3-based structural prediction to address this gap. The results showed significantly higher UGT activity in the lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant strain (LCR) than in the susceptible strain (SS), and the UGT inhibitor 5-nitrouracil enhanced the toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin, indicating that the UGTs may contribute to the evolution of pyrethroid resistance. A total of 24 UGT genes were identified from the C. pomonella genome, with 8 upregulated in the midguts of LCR strain. RNAi-mediated knockdown of four highly expressed genes (UGT33AZ1, UGT34A28, UGT33AY1, UGT39A6) significantly increased larval sensitivity to lambda-cyhalothrin. Molecular docking revealed lambda-cyhalothrin binds to the internal pocket of these UGTs via hydrogen bonds. Our findings demonstrate that overexpression of these UGT genes mediates lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in C. pomonella, deepening understanding of resistance mechanisms and providing targets for resistance management.
