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Updated: May 15, 2026

Metabolic Characterization of Polarized M1 and M2 Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
Published on: November 28, 2015
Polarization of Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages from Wild-Type and High Human MIF-Expressing CATT7 Polymorphic Mice
Molly Dunlop1,2, Sinéad Ryan1,2, Ian J Hawthorne1,2
1Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland.
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The isolation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from the bones of mice provides an excellent tool to study the different activation states of macrophages both in vitro and ex vivo. This chapter utilizes BMDMs derived from wild-type and -794 CATT7 human transgenic mice to investigate the influence of high human MIF expression on macrophage polarization. Real-time qPCR and ELISA can be used to easily distinguish M1 and M2 polarization phenotypes.
