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Updated: May 15, 2026

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Barriers to Community Reintegration for People with Spinal Cord Injury in Rwanda: A Qualitative Study.

Joseph Nshimiyimana1, Maurice Kanyoni2, Divine Girizina1

  • 1Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.

Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Barriers to community reintegration for people with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Rwanda include psychosocial, physical, economic, and environmental challenges. Addressing these requires collaborative efforts to improve rehabilitation access and foster inclusion.

Keywords:
BarriersRwandacommunity reintegrationspinal cord injury

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) incidence varies globally, with higher rates in some African regions.
  • SCI is a chronic condition impacting daily life and community participation.
  • Rwanda faces unique challenges in SCI community reintegration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore community reintegration barriers for individuals with SCI in Rwanda.
  • To identify key challenges hindering participation and inclusion.
  • To inform policy and support strategies for SCI populations.

Main Methods:

  • Phenomenological qualitative design.
  • Purposive sampling of 15 individuals with SCI.
  • Telephonic interviews, thematic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Four major themes of barriers emerged: psychosocial, physical health, economic, and environmental/accessibility.
  • Sub-themes included emotional distress, chronic pain, high costs, and inaccessible environments.
  • Psychosocial challenges like loneliness and social marginalization were significant.

Conclusions:

  • Community reintegration for Rwandan individuals with SCI is impeded by multifaceted barriers.
  • Collaborative action from individuals, government, and NGOs is crucial.
  • Findings offer insights for policy development and advocacy to enhance support and inclusion for people with SCI.