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Updated: May 15, 2026

Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

Published on: April 26, 2024

Laser-Induced Changes in Root Dentin Microhardness: Evidence From a Systematic Review.

Ansha Jasmin S¹, Seema Merwade¹, Kiran Kumar Neelakantappa¹

¹Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, IND.

|May 14, 2026

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Laser conditioning effectively removes the smear layer on dentin, improving bonding. Diode and erbium-based lasers show promise for safer, efficient dental procedures when parameters are optimized.

Area of Science:

Dental Materials Science
Biomedical Engineering
Laser Dentistry

Background:

Conventional rotary instrumentation for dentin conditioning creates a smear layer, hindering bonding and cleaning.
Laser technology offers precise ablation for dentin conditioning, potentially minimizing thermal damage.
Inconsistent findings exist regarding laser type and parameter effects on dentin.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review in vitro studies on laser irradiation effects on dentin microhardness, smear layer removal, and surface morphology.
To evaluate Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, Nd:YAG, and diode laser systems for dentin conditioning.
To synthesize evidence on laser efficacy and safety in dentin surface preparation.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search of major databases up to June 15, 2025.

Keywords:

dentin endodontics laser irradiation microhardness smear layer

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Microhardness Measurements on Tooth and Alveolar Bone in Rodent Oral Disease Models

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In Vitro Evaluation of The Effects Of Er,Cr:YSGG and Diode Lasers Used on Titanium Cylinder

In Vitro Evaluation of The Effects Of Er,Cr:YSGG and Diode Lasers Used on Titanium Cylinder

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Inclusion of in vitro studies examining dentin structural, compositional, or mechanical changes post-laser irradiation.

Data extraction on laser parameters, outcomes, and bias assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist.

Main Results:

Thirteen studies (2012-2025) met inclusion criteria.
Diode and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers excelled in smear layer removal and surface cleanliness.
Er:YAG lasers provided effective cleaning with minimal damage; Nd:YAG and high-power Er,Cr:YSGG impacted microhardness and morphology.

Conclusions:

Diode and erbium-based lasers effectively enhance smear layer removal and preserve dentin integrity under controlled parameters.
Optimized laser protocols show potential as adjunctive tools for safer, efficient dentin conditioning.
Laser conditioning offers a promising alternative to conventional methods in restorative and endodontic practice.