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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Brain-Computer Interface-controlled Upper Limb Robotic System for Enhancing Daily Activities in Stroke Patients
06:11

Brain-Computer Interface-controlled Upper Limb Robotic System for Enhancing Daily Activities in Stroke Patients

Published on: April 18, 2025

Brain-Computer Interfaces for Gait Rehabilitation After Stroke: A Scoping Review.

Olesya Mokienko1,2, Maria Zisman3, Pavel Bobrov1,4

  • 1Center for Bioelectric Interfaces, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation.

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) show promise for restoring lower limb function after stroke. Electroencephalography-based BCIs with functional electrical stimulation are the most studied, demonstrating efficacy and safety.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer potential for motor function and gait restoration in stroke survivors.
  • Current research on BCIs for lower limb rehabilitation post-stroke is limited.
  • Systematic evaluation of existing evidence is crucial to guide future development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically and critically evaluate the evidence on BCI use for lower limb rehabilitation in stroke patients.
  • To identify the most promising BCI technologies and their current evidence base.
  • To highlight areas requiring further research in BCI-assisted stroke rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
Keywords:
Brain-Machine InterfaceGaitHemiplegiaNeurobiofeedbackRehabilitation

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Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke
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Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke

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Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients
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Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients

Published on: March 11, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Brain-Computer Interface-controlled Upper Limb Robotic System for Enhancing Daily Activities in Stroke Patients
06:11

Brain-Computer Interface-controlled Upper Limb Robotic System for Enhancing Daily Activities in Stroke Patients

Published on: April 18, 2025

Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke
09:42

Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke

Published on: September 1, 2023

Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients
05:23

Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients

Published on: March 11, 2021

  • Inclusion of studies on adult post-stroke hemiparesis patients using non-invasive BCIs for lower limb rehabilitation.
  • Quality assessment using National Institutes of Health Study Quality Assessment Tools.

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-two studies were analyzed, with Electroencephalography-based BCIs integrated with functional electrical stimulation (EEG-BCI-FES) being the most investigated.
    • EEG-BCI-FES demonstrated efficacy and safety in multiple trials.
    • BCIs with mechanical devices and visual feedback showed less evidence, while exoskeleton BCIs demonstrated only technical feasibility.

    Conclusions:

    • EEG-BCI-FES is a promising BCI technology for lower limb stroke rehabilitation.
    • Further research is needed to optimize training protocols and assess long-term effects of BCIs.
    • Continued investigation is essential to advance BCI applications in stroke recovery.