InfiniGS: Toward Efficient Ultra-High Resolution 3D Reconstruction via Gaussian Splatting

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has attracted considerable attention due to its remarkable rendering efficiency and superior visual quality. However, typical implementations struggle with ultra-high-resolution imagery due to excessive GPU memory demands, a critical limitation particularly in domains such as aerial mapping and remote sensing, where fine-grained details are crucial for accurate 3D reconstruction. In this paper, we introduce InfiniGS, an enhanced Gaussian Splatting framework that scales up training image resolution while maintaining fidelity and efficiency, enabling reconstruction from ultra-high-resolution images without encountering out-of-memory (OOM) issues. Our framework consists of two modules; firstly, we propose a Multi-Resolution Training strategy that guides the optimization from recovering global structures toward fine-grained details, while mitigating erosion artifacts during resolution transitions. Secondly, we introduce an Image Block Partitioning and Asynchronous Optimization scheme, which significantly reduces GPU memory overhead. Most importantly, we reveal the scaling rule for the densification threshold of Gaussian primitives and the hyperparameters of the Adam optimizer during resolution transitions and image partitioning. This ensures consistently high rendering quality regardless of the multi-resolution factor or partitioning strategy employed. Extensive experiments demonstrate that InfiniGS achieves superior Novel View Synthesis (NVS) for high-resolution scenes, while requiring less memory and shorter training time. To the best of our knowledge, InfiniGS is the first method capable of reconstructing scenes with resolutions up to 10 K and beyond, at full resolution and high fidelity, without exceeding the memory capacity of mainstream powerful GPUs (e.g., NVIDIA RTX 3090 with 24 GB VRAM).