Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0% (complete...
IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in the 3500–3100 cm−1 range. Even though both O−H and N−H bonds vibrate at a similar...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Microscopic structure and dynamics of interfacial water at fluorinated vs nonfluorinated surfaces-Insights from ab-initio simulations and IR spectroscopy.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Cation-Induced Interphasial Viscosity Variations on Gold Electrocatalysts in Nanoconfined Aqueous Electrolytes.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Hexaazatriphenylene-Quinone Covalent Organic Polymers as a Platform for Stable and High-Performance Supercapacitors.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Multipolar electric and magnetic contributions to sum-frequency generation spectra reveal biaxial interfacial water structure.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Ionic memory or electrode artefacts? A systematic assessment of nanofluidic memristors.

Faraday discussions·2026
Same author

When does nanofluidic memory disappear? Understanding and reinstating memristive behavior of ionic liquids in two-dimensional nanochannels.

Faraday discussions·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere
08:52

Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere

Published on: April 30, 2018

Sub-diffractional infrared absorption of two-dimensional water.

Marcos V Surmani Martins1,2, Hiran Jyothilal1,2, Maximilian R Becker3

  • 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Nature Communications
|May 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Investigating two-dimensional (2D) water in nanoscale capillaries reveals a disrupted hydrogen-bonding network. This study offers the first experimental insights into the vibrational signatures and structure of monolayer water.

More Related Videos

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
07:38

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared

Published on: January 10, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere
08:52

Near-Infrared Temperature Measurement Technique for Water Surrounding an Induction-heated Small Magnetic Sphere

Published on: April 30, 2018

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared
07:38

Characterization of Biological Absorption Spectra Spanning the Visible to the Short-Wave Infrared

Published on: January 10, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Theoretical models predict significant changes in water's properties at the monolayer level.
  • Experimental studies on 2D water are limited, often relying on indirect methods or bulk extrapolations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally probe the vibrational dynamics and structure of two-dimensional (2D) water.
  • To investigate the hydrogen-bonding network and phase behavior of water confined to the monolayer regime.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized van der Waals heterostructures to create Ångström-scale capillaries for 2D water confinement.
  • Employed synchrotron infrared (IR) micro-spectroscopy with enhanced signal detection.
  • Performed Density Functional Theory Molecular Dynamics (DFT-MD) simulations for structural analysis.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant changes in water's intramolecular vibrational modes, indicating a frustrated hydrogen-bonding network.
  • Revealed the average structure of monolayer water and its transition towards bulk-like states.
  • Detected increased density in monolayer water, suggesting an unusual discontinuous phase despite network disruption.

Conclusions:

  • Provided the first direct experimental evidence of water's vibrational signatures in a 2D state.
  • Elucidated the unique hydrogen-bonding characteristics and structural evolution of confined monolayer water.
  • Offered new fundamental insights into the properties of water under extreme confinement.