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Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...

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Reading Comprehension and Employment After Traumatic Brain Injury: Preliminary Findings From Clinical Practice.

Melissa O McCarty1, Natalie Covington1,2, Natalie Becker1

  • 1Courage Kenny Rehabilitation Institute, Minneapolis, MN.

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|May 15, 2026
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Summary

Reading comprehension difficulties affect 25% of adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI), significantly impacting employment. Speech-language pathologists can use verbal comprehension tests to screen for reading impairments and employment risks in TBI survivors.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Reading comprehension is vital for employment but often overlooked in traumatic brain injury (TBI) assessment.
  • Adults with TBI frequently face challenges in workplace reintegration, with cognitive and linguistic deficits playing a significant role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of reading comprehension impairments in adults with TBI.
  • To investigate the relationship between reading difficulties, cognitive-linguistic skills, and employment status in this population.
  • To inform speech-language pathology and rehabilitation practices for TBI assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective chart review of 44 adults with TBI who underwent neuropsychological evaluation.
  • Assessment of reading comprehension using the Woodcock-Johnson IV Passage Comprehension test.
  • Analysis of associations between reading performance, Wechsler cognitive indices, and employment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Reading comprehension impairment was found in 25% of participants.
  • Individuals with reading impairments were more likely to be unemployed or on disability (100% vs. 52%).
  • Verbal comprehension showed a strong correlation with reading performance (r = .84, p < .001).

Conclusions:

  • Reading comprehension deficits represent an underassessed barrier to employment after TBI.
  • Speech-language pathology assessments of verbal comprehension can potentially screen for reading-related employment risks.
  • Integrating reading assessments into TBI evaluations is recommended when vocational outcomes are a priority.