Dual-wavelength cylindrical vector beams in Nd:GdVO₄ lasers with identical and orthogonal polarizations

This study successfully generated dual-wavelength cylindrical vector beams at 1.06 μm and 1.34 μm in an Nd:GdVO₄ laser. By employing resonator design and exploiting the birefringent properties of the laser crystal, both beams exhibited collinearity and high beam quality. Moreover, by simply adjusting one of the output couplers, the dual-wavelength beams could be tuned to achieve either identical polarization or orthogonal polarization without requiring any additional optical components. This dual-wavelength and polarization-tunable laser is expected to have significant application value.