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Stripped-Envelope Supernovae for QCD Axion Detection.

Francisco R Candón1,2, Damiano F G Fiorillo3,4, Ángel Gil Muyor5,6

  • 1TU Dortmund, Fakultät für Physik, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Type Ibc supernovae are optimal targets for discovering QCD axions. These explosions produce gamma rays from axion decay, detectable by gamma-ray satellites, potentially revealing axions as light as 10^{-4} eV.

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Particle Physics
  • Cosmology

Background:

  • Core-collapse supernovae (SNe) produce protoneutron stars that can generate QCD axions.
  • QCD axions can convert into detectable gamma rays in magnetic fields, both in the galaxy and within the progenitor star.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the optimal type of supernova for detecting QCD axions via gamma-ray signals.
  • To assess the potential of gamma-ray satellites for discovering axions with specific mass ranges.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing the properties of different supernova progenitors (Type Ibc vs. Type IIP/L).
  • Comparing the magnetic field strengths and compactness of various progenitor types.
  • Simulating the detectability of QCD axions based on progenitor properties and gamma-ray emission.

Main Results:

  • Type Ibc supernovae, with their stripped envelopes, are identified as optimal targets.
  • These progenitors possess more compact structures and stronger magnetic fields compared to Type II progenitors.
  • The study indicates that gamma-ray observatories like Fermi-LAT could detect QCD axions down to masses of approximately 10^{-4} eV.

Conclusions:

  • Type Ibc supernovae offer a unique window for searching for QCD axions.
  • The detection of QCD axions with masses around 10^{-4} eV is feasible with current or near-future gamma-ray observatories.
  • This research provides a compelling target and method for exploring axion physics in the context of supernova observations.