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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...

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Magnetic-Field-Driven Insulator-Superconductor Transition in Rhombohedral Graphene.

Jian Xie1, Zihao Huo1, Zhimou Chen1

  • 1Peking University, International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Beijing 100871, China.

Physical Review Letters
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In rhombohedral hexalayer graphene, in-plane magnetic fields drive an insulator-superconductor transition. This spin-polarized superconductor exhibits unique properties, including exceeding the Pauli limit and revealing new superconducting states.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Rhombohedral multilayer graphene is a key platform for exploring novel superconductivity.
  • Superconducting states in this material can be modulated by external magnetic fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the insulator-superconductor transition driven by in-plane magnetic fields in rhombohedral hexalayer graphene.
  • To characterize the resulting superconducting states and their properties.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of rhombohedral hexalayer graphene under in-plane magnetic fields.
  • Analysis of the insulator-superconductor transition and superconducting states.
  • Determination of the upper critical field and energy gap.

Main Results:

  • An insulator-superconductor transition induced by in-plane magnetic fields (B∥) was observed.
  • The upper critical field reached 2 T, supporting a spin-polarized superconductor due to isospin symmetry breaking.
  • At B∥=0, a spin-polarized superconductor transitions to an insulator with a gap of Δ≈0.14 meV.
  • Four superconducting states violating the Pauli limit and phases with magnetoelectric hysteresis were found.

Conclusions:

  • The findings enrich the phase diagram of rhombohedral graphene.
  • New insights into the microscopic mechanisms of superconductivity in this material were provided.
  • Rhombohedral hexalayer graphene presents a rich platform for exploring exotic superconducting phenomena.