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Automated Global Positioning Layout (GPL) for accuracy assessment in CAD-CAM mandibular reconstruction - Method validation.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

A Postoperative Evaluation Guideline for Computer-Assisted Reconstruction of the Mandible
10:42

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Published on: January 28, 2020

Automated Global Positioning Layout (GPL) for accuracy assessment in CAD-CAM mandibular reconstruction - method

Elisa Vargiu1, Giorgia Menapace2, Giordana Bettini3

  • 1Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padua, Padova, Italy. elisa.vargiu@phd.unipd.it.

Scientific Reports
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces the Global Positioning Layout (GPL) method for assessing CAD-CAM mandibular reconstruction accuracy. The automated GPL method improves reliability and reproducibility compared to manual techniques.

Keywords:
Assessment of accuracyAutomatizationComputer-aided designComputer-aided manufacturingComputer-assisted surgeryMandibular reconstructionPatient-specific implant

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Digital Dentistry

Background:

  • Assessing accuracy in computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) mandibular reconstruction is crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Current assessment methods are often operator-dependent, leading to variability and reduced reliability.
  • There is a need for objective and reproducible techniques to evaluate CAD-CAM reconstruction accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and describe the Global Positioning Layout (GPL) method for accuracy assessment in CAD-CAM mandibular reconstruction.
  • To present an automated workflow for implementing the GPL method.
  • To evaluate the performance of the GPL method in clinical cases.

Main Methods:

  • The Global Positioning Layout (GPL) method was developed, integrating accuracy assessment into the CAD-CAM and additive printing workflow.
  • Key principles were structured into Requirements, Data input, Data reference system, and Data output.
  • A unique coordinate system (GPL-RS) was established on a reference mandible, utilizing Roto-Translational Matrices (RTMs) to measure deviations between planned and postoperative 3D models.
  • Five clinical cases were analyzed, comparing spatial deviations using both manual and automated GPL methods.

Main Results:

  • The GPL method provides a structured approach to accuracy assessment, defining necessary 3D virtual models (planned mandible, reference mandible, patient-specific implant (PSI), postoperative mandible, and postoperative PSI).
  • The automated workflow using the GPL method demonstrated comparable or improved accuracy in assessing spatial deviations compared to manual methods.
  • Analysis of five clinical cases validated the GPL method's applicability across various defects.

Conclusions:

  • The Global Positioning Layout (GPL) method is a promising advancement for assessing the accuracy of CAD-CAM mandibular reconstructions.
  • The automated workflow enhances the repeatability and reproducibility of accuracy assessment.
  • This technique offers valuable insights for improving surgical outcomes in mandibular reconstruction.