Density of states weighted decoherence probe formalism for charge transport in DNA

Nanoscale molecular systems such as DNA require an atomistic quantum treatment to accurately capture their electrical properties, owing to their small dimensions. A central challenge in modeling transport through these systems is the inclusion of phase-breaking scattering. Decoherence-probe methods enable such modeling for large systems, but existing implementations have limitations. Energy-independent scattering rates tend to overly broaden energy levels, yielding an unphysically large density of states (DOS) within energy gaps. Conversely, energy-dependent models may introduce spurious energy levels and transmission peaks and require additional fitting parameters. To address these issues, we use a DOS-weighted decoherence model in which the scattering rate and, equivalently, the associated decoherence probe self-energy is proportional to the local DOS. The model iteratively updates the decoherence self-energy and the DOS until self-consistency is achieved. This approach yields energy and spatially dependent scattering rates that avoid spurious energy levels without the excessive broadening of DOS in energy gaps. We also examine the impact of partitioning schemes that prevent artificial pathways for charge transport and discuss how they can be avoided. Overall, the DOS-weighted model provides an improved and more physically grounded framework for simulating charge transport in DNA and potentially other weakly coupled molecular systems.