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Effectiveness of Intracanal Medicament Removal in Root Canals Using Four Irrigation Techniques
Diatri N Ratih1, Rahmadani Puspitasari2, Sri B Barunawati3
1Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Phone: +622742882270; +6281802654009, e-mail: diatri@ugm.ac.id, Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5584-1403.
Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the removal of nano-chitosan compared with calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicament using four irrigation techniques: Rotary file, sonic, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and CanalBrush.
Materials And Methods:
Forty-four premolar teeth were used in this study and divided into two groups of 20 teeth each. Each group was then divided into four subgroups of five teeth each. All teeth were subjected to intracanal medicament application. Group I: Calcium hydroxide; group II: Nano-chitosan. Then, all teeth were placed in an incubator (37°C) for 7 days. Each group was then divided into subgroups based on the irrigation technique: Group A: Rotary file; group B: Sonic; group C: PUI; group D: CanalBrush. During removal of intracanal medicament, 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was used as an irrigation solution. All teeth were sectioned longitudinally into two parts. Each part was observed under a stereo microscope at 16x magnification, 4 mm from the apical surface. The remnants of intracanal medicament were measured using Optilab Viewer version 4. The data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and the Tukey test at the 95% significance level.
Results:
The mean remnants of calcium hydroxide and nano-chitosan irrigated using rotary file were highest compared to other groups (p < 0.05). The remnants of calcium hydroxide in the root canal were higher than those with nano-chitosan, regardless of the irrigation technique used (p < 0.05). The remnants of either calcium hydroxide or nano-chitosan were the same as with PUI and CanalBrush (p > 0.05).
Conclusion:
None of these techniques can totally eliminate calcium hydroxide and nano-chitosan. CanalBrush and PUI had the highest effectiveness in eradicating calcium hydroxide and nano-chitosan from the root canal, followed by the sonic and rotary-file techniques.
Clinical Significance:
The PUI and CanalBrush techniques were more effective in removing calcium hydroxide and nano-chitosan as intracanal medicaments than rotary and sonic techniques. How to cite this article: Ratih DN, Puspitasari R, Barunawati SB, et al. Effectiveness of Intracanal Medicament Removal in Root Canals Using Four Irrigation Techniques. J Contemp Dent Pract 2026;27(2):179-184.
